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Scientists have now discovered that one type of bacteria that lives in the infant gastrointestinal tract can prevent the development of food allergies. The research, which showed that when the human gut is exposed to a group of five or six bacterial species it can reverse established allergies, has been reported in Nature Medicine.

After childhood, about two-thirds of the world’s human population loses the ability to digest milk. As far as we know, 100% of nonhuman mammals also lose this ability after weaning. The ongoing ability to digest lactose, the main sugar in milk, into adulthood is a biological abnormality.